Ilimin asali na chromatics-1

一, Menene launi

Ta fuskar ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, launi shine sakamakon fahimtar tsarin gani na ɗan adam game da hasken bayyane. Launin da aka gane yana ƙayyade ta yawan igiyoyin haske. Hasken haske shine hasken wutan lantarki tare da takamaiman kewayon mitar. Tsawon tsayin da idanun ɗan adam ke iya gane shi yana tsakanin 380 ~ 780nm.

Launin da ke fagen ilimin kimiyyar lissafi yawanci ana bayyana shi ne da tsawon haske, kuma launi da aka ayyana ana kiransa Spectral colour.

Akwai abubuwa guda uku da zasu iya shafar fahimtar launi:

1. Hasken haske;2 Abubuwan da za a gani; 3 Mai lura (mutum)

Haushin launi

• Ƙarfin haske na tushen haske da tunanin abubuwa suna cikin nau'in ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, yayin da kwakwalwa da idanu su ne abubuwan da ke cikin binciken ilimin lissafi, amma launi yana dogara ne akan ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, kuma tsinkayen launi a ko da yaushe yana kunshe da tunanin tunani da ilimin lissafi. sakamakon launi, wanda ke sa mutane suna da jerin kwatanta da Ƙungiyar.
• Kwamitin Amurka kan chromaticity ya bayyana launi a matsayin: launi sifa ce ta haske ban da yanayin sararin samaniya da na ɗan lokaci, wato radiation na haske na iya motsa ƙwayar ido da kuma haifar da yanayin da mai kallo ya samu ta hanyar hangen nesa.

二, Gabatarwa ga tsarin launi na CIE

Biyu muhimman tarurruka na CIE

• Taron Cambridge a 1931
  • Dalilan taron:
    • Samfurin RGB yana ɗaukar launuka na farko na zahiri guda uku tare da bayyanannen ma'anar zahiri, amma ƙirar launi ce ta na'urar (kowace na'ura tana da ma'anoni daban-daban yayin amfani da ƙirar RGB, wanda ba na duniya bane)
    • • Dangane da tsarin RGB, masana kimiyya na CIE suna ƙoƙari su yi amfani da hanyoyin ilimin lissafi don zayyana ka'idodin launuka na farko guda uku daga ainihin launuka na farko, da ƙirƙirar sabon tsarin launi, ta yadda masana'antar pigment, rini da bugu za su iya tsara launin samfuran a sarari.
    • Nasarar taron:
      • An bayyana ma'auni mai lura (amsar idanun mutane na yau da kullun zuwa launi). Ma'auni yana ɗaukar ainihin launuka uku na X, y da Z
      • Yana Ma'anar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa da aka yi amfani da shi don kwatanta launuka )
      • CIE XYZ tsarin launi na farko (tsarin launi na farko da ke da alaƙa da RGB) an bayyana shi
      • CIE xyY sarari launi an bayyana (wurin launi da aka samo daga XYZ, wanda ke raba x da y masu alaƙa da halayen launi daga haske Y mai alaƙa da haske)
      • An bayyana zane-zane na CIE chromaticity, wanda ke da sauƙin ganin dangantaka tsakanin launuka
• Taron a 1931
  • Dalilan taron:
    • • Haske da chromaticity da aka yi amfani da su a cikin CIE 1931 ba zai iya bayyana dangantakar da ke tsakanin motsa jiki da fahimtar launi ba.
    • Nisa tsakanin tsarin XYZ da launuka biyu da aka wakilta akan zane-zane na chromaticity bai dace ba tare da fahimtar canjin mai duba launi. Wannan matsalar ita ake kira matsalar daidaiton fahimta, wato, bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin darajar a cikin bambancin launi bai dace da hangen nesa ba.
    • Don warware matsalar daidaiton fahimta na sararin launi.
    • Nasarar taron:
      • • An kayyade wuraren launi guda biyu: CIELUV (don haskaka kai) da CIELAB (don rashin haskaka kai).