I kēia manawa, ʻelua ʻano mea ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kukui: ʻike infrared a me ka sensor microwave.
Electromagnetic spectrum
No nā nalu electromagnetic ʻelua a me ka microwave. Hōʻike ʻia ke kikoʻī electromagnetic o ka hawewe electromagnetic ma ke ʻano o ka lōʻihi o ka nalu a i ʻole ke alapine a me ka ikehu ma ke kiʻi e like me lalo.
ʻIke ʻulaʻula
●Kuhihihi infrared
ʻO ke kukuna infrared (IR) he hawewe electromagnetic me ke alapine ma waena o ka microwave a me ke kukui ʻike ʻia. ʻO ia ka inoa maʻamau o ka radiation me ke alapine o 0.3THz ~ 400THz i ka spectrum electromagnetic a me kahi hawewe o 1mm ~ 750nm i loko o ka hakahaka. He kukui ʻike ʻole ʻia me ke alapine haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kukui ʻulaʻula.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hihi infrared i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: Near infrared ray (high frequency infrared ray, high energy), a me ka hawewe (3 ~ 2.5) μm～(1~0.75) μ M; ʻO ke kukui infrared medium (medium frequency infrared ray, haʻahaʻa ikehu), ka lōʻihi o ka nalu (40 ~ 25) μ m～(3~2.5) μ M; ʻO ke kukuna infrared lōʻihi (ke kukuna infrared haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka ikehu haʻahaʻa), ka lōʻihi o ka nalu 1500 μ m～(40~25) μ M. ʻO ke kukuna Infrared (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hihi infrared mamao) he hopena wela ikaika. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohauʻoli me ka hapa nui o nā molekole inorganic a me nā macromolecules organik i loko o nā mea ola, e hoʻolalelale i ka neʻe ʻana o kēia mau molekala a hamo kekahi i kekahi, i mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka wela. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hihi infrared no ka hoʻomehana a me ka spectroscopy molecular. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Terahertz ray" a i ʻole "terahertz kukui" ma ka noiʻi ʻepekema.
He hopena wela ka hihi infrared a hiki ke ho'ōho me ka hapa nui o nā mole e hoʻohuli i ka ikehu māmā (ka ikehu o ka hawewe electromagnetic) i ikehu intramolecular (wela). Hoʻouna ʻia ka wela o ka lā i ka honua ma o nā kukuna infrared.
Ma ka physics, hiki i nā mea ma luna o ka ʻole loa (0k, be. - 273.15 ℃) ke hana i nā kukui infrared (a me nā ʻano hawewe electromagnetic ʻē aʻe). Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeleʻele (thermal radiation).
ʻAʻole hiki ke hele aku ka hihi infrared i kekahi mea opaque. Inā hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā kukuna infrared, ʻaʻohe mea pili me ke ola. ʻO nā mea me nā lōʻihi nalu infrared ʻokoʻa e hoʻokuʻu i nā mahana like ʻole. ʻO nā kumu penei: ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā kukuna infrared
ma muli o ka haʻalulu o nā molekala ma ka ʻili o nā mea. Loaʻa i nā mea like ʻole nā alapine haʻalulu kūlohelohe, no laila ʻokoʻa nā nalu infrared.
●Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sensor infrared i ke kukui
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea ʻike infrared ma ke kukui me ke kaʻapuni ʻike hihi infrared, ka pōʻaiapuni hoʻōla hōʻailona infrared, ka kaapuni hoʻololi hoʻopuka hōʻailona a me ke kaapuni lako mana.
ʻO ka sensor infrared kahi huahana hoʻomalu aunoa e pili ana i ka ʻenehana infrared. Ke komo ke kino o ke kanaka i ka laulā sensing, ʻike ka mea ʻike kūikawā i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka spectrum infrared o ke kino kanaka a hoʻohuli koke i ka ukana.
Ma keʻano laulā, hoʻohana maʻamau ke kumu sensor infrared o nā huahana kukui i ka ʻāpana pyroelectric. Ke hoʻololi ka mahana o ka radiation infrared o ke kino kanaka, e nalowale kēia ʻāpana i ke koena o ka uku a hoʻokuʻu i waho. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ke kaapuni hope, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaka i ka hana hoʻololi. He wela kino mau ke kino o ke kanaka, ma ke ʻano he 37 degere, no laila e hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā kukuna infrared me kahi hawewe kikoʻī ma kahi o 10um. Ke hana nei ka ʻimi infrared passive ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukuna infrared i hoʻopuka ʻia e ke kino kanaka. Ma kahi o 10um infrared ray i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ke kino o ke kanaka e kau ʻia ma ke kumu ʻike infrared ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana e ka lens Fresnel.
Hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia ka hoʻololi sensor infrared no ke kino o ke kanaka, ʻoluʻolu, kūpono, palekana a mālama i ka ikehu, a hōʻike i ka mālama kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike ma mua o ka mea ʻike microwave. I ka manawa like, ua kaupalena ke kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka wikiwiki o ka hana ma mua o ka mea ʻike microwave.
Nani uila
●Nalu uila
E pili ana ka microwave i ka nalu electromagnetic me ka alapine o 300MHz-300GHz. ʻO ia ka pōkole o kahi kaha alapine i kaupalena ʻia i ka nalu lekiō, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka nalu electromagnetic me ka lōʻihi o ka nalu ma waena o 1m (koe ʻole 1m) a me 1mm. ʻO ia ka huaʻōlelo maʻamau o ka nalu decimeter, ka hawewe kenimika, ka nalu millimeter a me ka nalu submillimeter, nona ka malamalama ʻike ʻole. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka microwave ma mua o ke alapine hawewe lekiō maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ʻo "UHF electromagnetic wave". Ma ke ʻano he hawewe electromagnetic, loaʻa i ka microwave kekahi ʻāpana ʻāpana nalu.
ʻO ke ʻano ʻelua o ka hawewe-particle, loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano nalu a me nā ʻano ʻāpana. Hiki iā ia ke hele i mua e like me ka nalu a hōʻike i nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana. No laila, kapa mākou iā ia he "wave particle duality".
Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā waiwai kumu o ka microwave i ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona: ke komo, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka absorption. No ke aniani, ka plastic a me ka porcelain, aneane e hele nā microwave me ka ʻole o ka komo ʻana. No ka wai a me ka meaʻai, e hoʻomoʻa ia i nā microwaves a e wela iā ia iho. No nā mea metala, e hōʻike lākou i nā microwave.
Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka nui o ke komo ʻana o ka microwave o ke aniani, ka plastic, ka lāʻau a me ka porcelain. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o 2450MHz Microwave ke komo ʻana ma kahi o 6cm. ʻO 915MHz ka 8cm. He mea ʻole ka manawa komo.
●Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea ʻike microwave i ke kukui
Hoʻohana ka ʻenekini microwave i ke kumu Doppler e hoʻouna a loaʻa i nā hōʻailona microwave kiʻekiʻe (ʻike pololei i ka hoʻololi o ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea), a hoʻomalu i ka hoʻohuli ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kukui ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻailona a me ka ʻike naʻauao o ka polokalamu microcomputer single-chip.
Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka ikehu microwave e DC a i ʻole 50Hz AC ma o kahi mea hana kūikawā. Nui nā ʻano mea hana i hiki ke hana i ka microwave, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: nā mea semiconductor a me nā mea uila uila.
Ke hoʻohana nei ka mea hoʻoponopono microwave i kahi antenna micro-ring me kahi anawaena no ka ʻike microwave. Hoʻokumu ka antenna i kahi elliptical radius (hoʻololi) spatial microwave makaʻala wahi ma ke kuhikuhi axis. Ke neʻe ke kino o ke kanaka, hoʻopilikia ka leo i hōʻike ʻia e ia i ke kahua microwave kumu (a i ʻole ka alapine) i hoʻouna ʻia e ka mea hoʻokele microwave sensor a hoʻololi. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kukui sensor infrared me kahi diode hoʻouna infrared a me kahi diode hoʻokipa. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana, ka hoʻonui ʻana, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka hana ʻana, hoʻopuka ka uea keʻokeʻo i ka hōʻailona mana voltage.
Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka microwave, loaʻa iā ia ka nalo hoʻolaha nui i ka lewa a me ka mamao o ka hoʻouna ʻana, akā maikaʻi ka neʻe ʻana a me ka bandwidth hana nui. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻenehana hawewe millimeter i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kamaʻilio kelepona ʻo 5G, ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka microwave ka hapa nui i ka hawewe metala a me ka nalu dielectric. Hiki ke ʻike ʻo Microwave sensor i nā mea hoʻoikaika a loaʻa kahi ākea noi.
I kēia manawa, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau lula pono e like me: nā lula palekana, EMC, nā kūlana palekana kaiapuni, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. , a i ʻole e hoʻokolokolo inā hoʻokō lākou i nā koi e like me nā kūlana i ʻaelike ʻia ma waena o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka mea hana a me ka ʻike mea hoʻohana.
Hiki ke hoʻopilikinoʻia nā huahana kukui a pau o Wellway e like me nā koi o nā mea kūʻai. ʻO nā huahana oʻo e loaʻa i ke kukui ʻo LED me ka ʻike, ke kukui pale lepo LED me ka sensor, ke kukui kukui LED me ka sensor a pēlā aku. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano mea ʻike microwave i ka hapa nui o nā huahana. Loaʻa iā Wellyway kahi hale hana kūikawā no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka mamao o nā mea ʻike microwave e hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi a me ka paʻa o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. Hoʻokipa maikaʻi mākou i nā mea kūʻai aku e kipa, e ʻōlelo i kā mākou hale hana a hui pū me mākou.
(No ka Pūnaewele mai kekahi mau kiʻi. Inā he hewa, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona a holoi koke iā ia)
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-22-2022