Tam sim no, muaj ob hom sensors siv nyob rau hauv lub teeb: infrared sensor thiab microwave sensor.
Electromagnetic spectrum
Ob qho tib si infrared rays thiab microwave muaj rau electromagnetic tsis. Lub electromagnetic spectrum ntawm electromagnetic yoj ranged nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm wavelength los yog zaus thiab lub zog yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
Infrared sensor
● Infrared hluav taws xob
Infrared ray (IR) yog ib qho hluav taws xob nthwv dej uas muaj zaus ntawm microwave thiab pom lub teeb. Nws yog lub npe dav dav ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas muaj zaus ntawm 0.3THz ~ 400THz hauv electromagnetic spectrum thiab wavelength ntawm 1mm ~ 750nm hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. Nws yog qhov pom tsis pom lub teeb nrog qis zaus dua li lub teeb liab.
Infrared rays yuav muab faib ua peb ntu: nyob ze infrared ray (siab zaus infrared ray, siab zog), thiab wavelength (3 ~ 2.5) μ m～ (1 ~ 0.75) μ M; Nruab nrab infrared ray (nruab nrab zaus infrared ray, nruab nrab lub zog), wavelength (40 ~ 25) μ m～ (3 ~ 2.5) μ M; Far infrared ray (tsawg zaus infrared rays, tsis muaj zog), wavelength 1500 μ m～ (40 ~ 25) μ M. Infrared ray (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Far infrared ray) muaj ib tug muaj zog thermal nyhuv. Nws muaj peev xwm resonate nrog feem ntau inorganic molecules thiab organic macromolecules nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, leeb lub suab ntawm cov molecules thiab rub ib leeg, thiaj li ua kom sov. Yog li ntawd, infrared rays yuav siv tau rau cua sov thiab molecular spectroscopy. Far infrared ray tseem hu ua "Terahertz ray" lossis "terahertz light" hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb.
Infrared ray muaj thermal nyhuv thiab muaj peev xwm resonate nrog feem ntau molecules los hloov lub teeb lub zog (lub zog ntawm electromagnetic yoj) rau hauv intramolecular zog (kub). Lub tshav kub ntawm lub hnub yog tsuas yog kis mus rau lub ntiaj teb los ntawm infrared rays.
Hauv physics, cov khoom saum toj kawg nkaus xoom (0k, be. - 273.15 ℃) tuaj yeem tsim infrared rays (thiab lwm hom electromagnetic vuag). Niaj hnub nimno physics hu nws blackbody radiation (thermal radiation).
Infrared ray tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm ib qho khoom opaque. Seb nws emits infrared rays tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog seb puas muaj txoj sia. Cov khoom uas muaj qhov sib txawv infrared wavelengths emit kub sib txawv. Cov laj thawj yog raws li nram no: tiam ntawm infrared rays yog
tshwm sim los ntawm kev vibration ntawm molecules ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom. Cov khoom sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, yog li cov infrared wavelengths txawv.
● Daim ntawv thov ntawm infrared sensor nyob rau hauv lub teeb
Lub infrared sensor ntawm lub teeb yog tsim los ntawm infrared ray detection Circuit Court, infrared ray teeb liab ua Circuit Court, teeb liab tso zis tswj hloov Circuit Court thiab fais fab mov Circuit Court.
Infrared sensor yog ib qho khoom siv tswj tsis siv neeg raws li thev naus laus zis infrared. Thaum tib neeg lub cev nkag mus rau qhov kev paub ntau yam, qhov tshwj xeeb sensor pom qhov kev hloov ntawm infrared spectrum ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab yuav cia li tig rau lub load.
Feem ntau, infrared sensor qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo feem ntau siv cov khoom siv pyroelectric. Thaum cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm tib neeg lub cev hloov pauv, cov khoom siv no yuav poob cov nqi sib npaug thiab tso cov nqi tawm sab nraud. Tom qab kuaj pom thiab ua tiav Circuit Court tom ntej, nws tuaj yeem ua rau qhov hloov pauv. Tib neeg lub cev muaj lub cev kub tsis tu ncua, feem ntau ntawm 37 degrees, yog li nws yuav emit infrared rays nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb wavelength ntawm txog 10um. Lub passive infrared sojntsuam ua haujlwm los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas cov kab hluav taws xob infrared tawm los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Txog 10um infrared rays tawm los ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog concentrated nyob rau hauv infrared sensing qhov chaw tom qab tau txhim kho los ntawm Fresnel lens.
Infrared sensor hloov tshwj xeeb yog tsim los rau tib neeg lub cev, uas yog tus phooj ywg, yooj yim, nyab xeeb thiab txuag hluav taws xob, thiab qhia txog kev saib xyuas tib neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev kuaj pom muaj tsawg dua li ntawm microwave sensor. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov siab yog txwv, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm qeeb qeeb dua li ntawm microwave sensor.
Microwave sensor
● Microwave
Microwave yog hais txog electromagnetic yoj nrog lub zaus ntawm 300MHz-300GHz. Nws yog cov ntawv luv luv ntawm qhov txwv zaus hauv xov tooj cua nthwv dej, uas yog, electromagnetic yoj nrog lub wavelength ntawm 1m (tsis suav 1m) thiab 1mm. Nws yog lub ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm decimeter nthwv dej, centimeter yoj, millimeter yoj thiab submillimeter nthwv dej, uas belongs rau lub teeb pom kev. Lub microwave zaus yog siab dua qhov dav dav xov tooj cua yoj zaus, uas feem ntau hu ua "UHF electromagnetic yoj". Raws li electromagnetic yoj, microwave kuj muaj nthwv dej particle dual.
Wave-particle duality txhais tau hais tias nws muaj ob qho tib si yoj yam ntxwv thiab particle yam ntxwv. Nws tuaj yeem taug kev mus rau pem hauv ntej zoo li nthwv dej thiab qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, peb hu nws "yoj particle dual".
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm microwave feem ntau qhia peb yam ntxwv: nkag mus, xav txog thiab nqus. Rau iav, yas thiab plooj (porcelain), microwaves yuav luag dhau mus yam tsis tau nqus. Rau dej thiab zaub mov, nws yuav nqus microwaves thiab ua rau nws tus kheej kub. Rau cov khoom hlau, lawv yuav cuam tshuam microwaves.
Lub microwave nkag mus ntawm iav, yas, ntoo thiab porcelain tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo ib yam. Txoj kev xav ntawm 2450MHz Microwave nkag yog txog 6cm. 915MHz yog 8cm. Lub sij hawm nkag mus yog negligible.
● Daim ntawv thov ntawm microwave sensor hauv lub teeb
Lub microwave sensor siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Doppler kom xa thiab tau txais high-frequency microwave signals (raws li pom tau hais tias lub zog hloov ntawm cov khoom), thiab tswj lub tig rau thiab tawm ntawm load teeb los ntawm lub teeb liab amplification thiab ntse qhia txog ib leeg-chip microcomputer program.
Microwave zog feem ntau yog tau los ntawm DC los yog 50Hz AC los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv. Muaj ntau ntau yam khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tsim microwave, tab sis lawv feem ntau muab faib ua ob pawg: cov khoom siv semiconductor thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nqus.
Lub microwave sensor maub los siv lub micro-ntiv nplhaib kav hlau txais xov nrog ib txoj kab uas hla rau kev tshawb nrhiav microwave. Lub kav hlau txais xov tsim ib lub vojvoog elliptical (kho tau) spatial microwave ceeb toom cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia axis. Thaum tib neeg lub cev txav mus, lub ncha xav tau los ntawm nws cuam tshuam nrog qhov chaw microwave qub (lossis zaus) xa los ntawm microwave sensor tswj thiab hloov pauv. Lub teeb infrared sensor teeb yog ua ke nrog infrared transmitting diode thiab txais diode. Tom qab kuaj pom, amplification, shaping, ntau qhov kev sib piv thiab kev ua haujlwm qeeb, cov xaim dawb tso tawm cov teeb liab tswj hluav taws xob.
Vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm microwave, nws muaj kev nthuav tawm zoo hauv huab cua thiab kev sib kis luv luv, tab sis muaj kev txav mus los zoo thiab ua haujlwm loj bandwidth. Ntxiv rau lub millimeter yoj thev naus laus zis siv rau 5G kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes, kev sib kis ntawm microwave feem ntau yog cov hlau waveguide thiab dielectric waveguide. Microwave sensor tuaj yeem ntes cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab muaj qhov chaw siv dav.
Tam sim no, ntxiv rau qee cov kev cai tsim nyog xws li: kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb, EMC, cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam, tsis muaj cov qauv siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub sensor, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov ntsuas qhov deb thiab lub sij hawm xav txog, uas xa mus rau cov qauv kev lag luam. , los yog txiav txim seb lawv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv kev pom zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv kev paub.
Tag nrho cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo ntawm Wellway tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Cov khoom lag luam muaj xws li LED huab cua-pov thawj teeb nrog sensor, LED plua plav-pov thawj teeb nrog sensor, LED qab nthab teeb nrog sensor thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no, lub microwave sensor hom yog saws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov khoom feem ntau. Wellyway muaj lub chaw kuaj mob tshwj xeeb rau kev ntsuas qhov rhiab heev thiab kev ncua deb ntawm microwave sensors los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ntseeg tau thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom zoo. Peb zoo siab txais tos cov neeg siv khoom tuaj xyuas, qhia peb lub Hoobkas thiab koom tes nrog peb.
(Qee duab los ntawm Is Taws Nem. Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum cai, thov hu rau thiab tshem tawm tam sim ntawd)
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-22-2022