Chidziwitso choyambirira cha chromatics-1

一, Kodi mtundu

Malinga ndi sayansi, mtundu ndi zotsatira za momwe munthu amaonera kuwala kowoneka. Mtundu womwe umaganiziridwa umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafunde a kuwala. Light wave ndi ma radiation a electromagnetic okhala ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwa mafunde omwe maso a munthu amatha kuwona ndi pakati pa 380 ~ 780nm.

Mtundu m'munda wa physics nthawi zambiri umatanthauzidwa ndi kutalika kwa kuwala, ndipo mtundu womwe umatchulidwa umatchedwa mtundu wa Spectral.

Pali zinthu zitatu zomwe zingakhudze malingaliro amtundu:

1. Gwero la kuwala; 2 Zinthu zowoneka; 3 Observer (munthu)

Kuzindikira kwamitundu

• Mphamvu yowala ya gwero lowala komanso chiwonetsero cha zinthu ndi gawo la fizikisi, pomwe ubongo ndi maso ndizomwe zili mu kafukufuku wazokhudza thupi, koma mtundu nthawi zonse umakhala wozikidwa pa physics, ndipo malingaliro amtundu nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chiwonetsero chamalingaliro ndi thupi. zotsatira za mtundu, zomwe zimapangitsa anthu kukhala ndi mndandanda wofanizira ndi Association.
• Komiti ya ku America ya chromaticity imatanthawuza mtundu monga: mtundu ndi khalidwe la kuwala kusiyana ndi malo ndi temporal heterogeneity, ndiko kuti, kuwala kwa kuwala kungathe kulimbikitsa retina ndikuyambitsa zochitika zomwe wowonera amapeza kudzera mu masomphenya.

二、 Chiyambi cha mtundu wa CIE

Misonkhano iwiri yofunika ya CIE

• Cambridge Conference mu 1931
  • Zifukwa za msonkhano:
    • Mtundu wa RGB umagwiritsa ntchito mitundu itatu yakuthupi yokhala ndi tanthauzo lomveka bwino, koma ndi mtundu wogwirizana ndi chipangizo (chida chilichonse chimakhala ndi matanthauzidwe osiyanasiyana mukamagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa RGB, womwe suli wapadziko lonse lapansi)
    • • Malingana ndi chitsanzo cha RGB, asayansi a CIE amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira za masamu kuti azindikire mitundu itatu yoyambirira yachidziwitso kuchokera kumitundu yeniyeni yeniyeni, ndikupanga dongosolo la mtundu watsopano, kotero kuti pigment, utoto ndi makampani osindikizira akhoza kupanga momveka bwino mtundu wa mankhwala.
    • Kupambana kwa msonkhano:
      • Woyang'anira wamba (mayankho a maso a munthu wamba ku mtundu) amatanthauzidwa. Muyezowu umatenga mitundu itatu yolingalira yoyambirira ya X, y ndi Z
      • Imatanthauzira Ma Illuminants Okhazikika (zowunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufananitsa mitundu)
      • CIE XYZ pulayimale dongosolo la mtundu (lolingaliro loyambirira lamtundu wokhudzana ndi RGB) limatanthauzidwa
      • Malo amtundu wa CIE xyY amatanthauzidwa (malo amtundu wotengedwa ku XYZ, omwe amalekanitsa x ndi y mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe amtundu kuchokera ku kuwala kwa Y kogwirizana ndi kupepuka)
      • Chithunzi cha CIE chromaticity chimatanthauzidwa, chomwe chiri chosavuta kuwona mgwirizano pakati pa mitundu
• Msonkhano mu 1931
  • Zifukwa za msonkhano:
    • • Kupepuka ndi chromaticity zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu CIE 1931 sizingathe kufotokozera mgwirizano pakati pa kukondoweza kwa thupi ndi maonekedwe a mtundu.
    • Mtunda wapakati pa makina a XYZ ndi mitundu iwiri yoyimiridwa pa chithunzi cha chromaticity sukugwirizana ndi kusintha komwe kukuwoneka kwa wowonera. Vutoli limatchedwa vuto la kuzindikira kofanana, ndiko kuti, kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wapakatikati pakusiyana kwamitundu sikumagwirizana ndi malingaliro owoneka.
    • Kuthetsa vuto losasinthasintha lachidziwitso la malo amtundu.
    • Kupambana kwa msonkhano:
      • • Malo awiri amitundu atchulidwa: CIELUV (podziwunikira) ndi CIELAB (popanda kudziwunikira).