Nigute ushobora kwirinda itara

"Glare" ni ikintu kibi cyo kumurika. Iyo umucyo wumucyo uturuka hejuru cyane cyangwa itandukaniro ryumucyo hagati yinyuma na hagati yumurima wo kureba ni nini, "urumuri" ruzagaragara. Ikintu "Glare" ntabwo kigira ingaruka gusa kubireba, ahubwo kigira ingaruka no kubuzima bwamaso, gishobora gutera amahano, kutamererwa neza ndetse no kubura amaso.

Kubantu basanzwe, urumuri ntabwo ari imyumvire idasanzwe. Umucyo uri hose. Amatara maremare, amatara, amatara maremare yimodoka yegereje hamwe nizuba ryizuba bigaragarira kurukuta rutandukanye rwikirahure. Byose mu ijambo, urumuri rutoroheye rutuma abantu bumva ko ari urujijo.

Nigute urumuri ruba? Impamvu nyamukuru nugukwirakwiza urumuri mumaso.

Iyo urumuri runyuze mu jisho ry'umuntu, bitewe na heterogeneité cyangwa indangagaciro zitandukanye zo kugabanya ibice bigize stroma yamenetse, icyerekezo cyo gukwirakwiza urumuri rwabaye, kandi urumuri rusohoka ruvanze nurumuri rutatanye ruteganijwe kuri retina, bikavamo kugabanya itandukaniro ryishusho ya retina, biganisha ku kugabanuka kwubwiza bwamaso yijisho ryumuntu.

Ukurikije ingaruka ziterwa no kurabagirana, irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: urumuri rwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, urumuri rutameze neza hamwe n'urumuri rudashoboye.

Kumurika

Bivuga ko iyo umuntu yimutse avuye ahantu hijimye (cinema cyangwa tunnel yo munsi y'ubutaka, nibindi) yerekeza ahantu heza, bitewe nisoko rikomeye, urumuri rwijimye rwagati kuri retina yijisho ryumuntu, bikavamo bidasobanutse iyerekwa no kugabanuka kwerekwa. Mubisanzwe, irashobora kugarurwa nyuma yigihe gito cyo guhuza n'imihindagurikire.

Kumurika

Bizwi kandi nka "glase psychologique", bivuga kutamererwa neza guterwa no gukwirakwiza umucyo udakwiye hamwe n’umucyo utanga urumuri imbere (nko gusoma ku zuba ryinshi cyangwa kureba televiziyo yaka cyane mu nzu yijimye). Iyi mikorere mibi, mubisanzwe twirinda ubwenge kubura icyerekezo cyo guhunga. Ariko, niba uri mubidukikije bidakwiriye kumurika igihe kirekire, bizatera umunaniro ugaragara, kubabara amaso, amarira no kubura amaso;

Guhagarika urumuri

Yerekeza ku kintu cyerekana ko itandukaniro ry’ishusho y’umuntu rigabanuka bitewe n’urumuri rutangaje rw'umucyo ukikije, bikaviramo ingorane zo gusesengura amashusho n'ubwonko, bigatuma igabanuka ry'imikorere cyangwa ubuhumyi bw'igihe gito. Ubunararibonye bwo kwijimye kubera kwitegereza izuba igihe kirekire cyangwa kumurikirwa nigiti kinini cyimodoka imbere yawe ntigishobora kuboneka.

Ibipimo bya psychologue byo gupima ibipimo by'itara ni UGR (Unified glare rating). Mu 1995, CIE yemeye kumugaragaro agaciro ka UGR nkigipimo cyo gusuzuma urumuri rutameze neza rwibidukikije. Muri 2001, ISO (International Organization for Standardization) yashyizemo agaciro ka UGR murwego rwo kumurika aho bakorera.

UGR agaciro k'ibicuruzwa bimurika bigabanijwe ku buryo bukurikira:

25-28: urumuri rukabije ntirwihanganirwa

22-25: biteye ubwoba kandi ntibyoroshye

19-22: urumuri rutangaje kandi rwihanganirwa

16-19: urwego rwemewe. Kurugero, iyi dosiye irakoreshwa mubidukikije bikenera urumuri igihe kinini mubiro no mubyumba by'ishuri.

13-16: ntukumve

10-13: nta mucyo

<10: ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwumwuga, bikoreshwa mubyumba bikoreramo ibitaro

Kumurika, urumuri rudashobora gukoreshwa no guhagarika urumuri rushobora kubaho icyarimwe cyangwa wenyine. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, UGR ntabwo ari puzzle igaragara gusa, ahubwo ni puzzle mugushushanya no kuyishyira mubikorwa. Mubimenyerezo, nigute wagabanya UGR kugirango uhumurize agaciro gashoboka? Ku matara, igipimo cyo hasi cya UGR ntabwo bivuze gukuraho urumuri mugihe ureba neza amatara, ahubwo kugabanya urumuri kumurongo runaka.

1.Iya mbere ni igishushanyo

Amatara agizwe nigikonoshwa, amashanyarazi, isoko yumucyo, lens cyangwa ikirahure. Ku cyiciro cyambere cyo gushushanya, hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kugenzura agaciro ka UGR, nko kugenzura urumuri rwumucyo utanga urumuri, cyangwa gukora igishushanyo mbonera kirwanya lens hamwe nikirahure, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho akurikira:

2. Biracyari ikibazo cyo gushushanya

Mu nganda, muri rusange hemejwe ko nta UGR iyo amatara yujuje ibi bikurikira:

① VCP (visual comfort ability) ≥ 70;

② Iyo urebye igihe kirekire cyangwa uhinduranya mucyumba, ikigereranyo cy’urumuri ntarengwa n’urumuri rusanzwe rugaragara ku mfuruka ya 45 °, 55 °, 65 °, 75 ° na 85 ° uhereye kuri vertical ni ≤ 5: 1;

③ Kugira ngo wirinde urumuri rutorohewe, urumuri ntarengwa kuri buri mpande z'itara n'umurongo uhagaze ntushobora kurenza ibiteganijwe mu mbonerahamwe ikurikira iyo urebye igihe kirekire cyangwa ukundi:

3. Uburyo bwo kugenzura UGR mubyiciro byanyuma

1) Irinde gushyira amatara ahantu hagaragara;

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3) Gabanya urumuri rw'amatara.

Mubuzima, turashobora guhindura ibintu bimwe na bimwe bidukikije kugirango tugerageze kugumana urumuri rwamatara atandukanye murwego rwo kureba neza, kugirango tugabanye ingaruka zurumuri kuri twe.

Ntabwo arukuri ko urumuri rwinshi, arirwo rwiza. Umucyo ntarengwa amaso yumuntu ashobora kwihanganira ni 106cd / ㎡. Kurenga agaciro, retina irashobora kwangirika. Ihame, urumuri rukwiranye namaso yumuntu rugomba kugenzurwa muri 300lux, kandi igipimo cyurumuri kigomba kugenzurwa nka 1: 5.

Kumurika ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mucyo. Kugirango tunoze ireme ryibidukikije byurugo, biro nubucuruzi, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zifatika zo kugabanya cyangwa gukumira urumuri. Wellway irashobora kwirinda neza urumuri no guha abakiriya ibidukikije byiza kandi byiza byubuzima binyuze mumucyo hakiri kare, guhitamo amatara nubundi buryo.

Gufatamuraho'LED louver ikwiranye, urukurikirane rwa ELS nkurugero, twemeje lens yo murwego rwohejuru hamwe na ecran ya aluminiyumu, igishushanyo mbonera cyiza cya grille hamwe na luminous flux yumvikana kugirango UGR yibicuruzwa bigere kuri 16, bishobora kuzuza ibyifuzo byamatara y'ibyumba by'ishuri, ibitaro , biro nibindi bidukikije, kandi ushireho urumuri rwiza kandi rwiza rwibidukikije kumatsinda yihariye yabantu.