Parizvino, kune marudzi maviri emasensa anoshandiswa mumwenje: infrared sensor uye microwave sensor.
Electromagnetic spectrum
Ose ari maviri infrared ray uye microwave ndeye electromagnetic waves. Iyo electromagnetic spectrum ye electromagnetic wave yakaganhurwa mukurongeka kwewavelength kana frequency uye simba inoratidzwa mumufananidzo sepazasi:
Infrared sensor
●Mwaranzi weInfrared
Infrared ray (IR) is electromagnetic wave ine frequency pakati pemicrowave nechiedza chinooneka. Iri ndiro zita rakajairika remwaranzi ine frequency ye 0.3THz ~ 400THz mumagetsi emagetsi uye wavelength ye1mm ~ 750nm muvacuum. Icho chiedza chisingaoneki chine nguva yakaderera pane chiedza chitsvuku.
Infrared ray inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: Near infrared ray (high frequency infrared ray, high energy), uye wavelength (3 ~ 2.5) μ m～(1~0.75) μ M; Medium infrared ray (yepakati frequency infrared mwaranzi, simba riri pakati nepakati), wavelength (40 ~ 25) μ m～(3~2.5) μ M; Far infrared ray (yakaderera frequency infrared ray, yakaderera simba), wavelength 1500 μ m～ (40 ~ 25) μ M. Infrared ray (kunyanya Far infrared ray) ine simba rekupisa. Inogona kuenderana neakawanda inorganic mamorekuru uye organic macromolecules mune zvipenyu, inomhanyisa kufamba kwemamorekuru aya uye nekukweshana, kuitira kuti igadzire kupisa. Naizvozvo, infrared ray inogona kushandiswa kupisa uye molecular spectroscopy. Far infrared ray inonzi zvakare "Terahertz ray" kana "terahertz mwenje" mukutsvagisa kwesainzi.
Infrared ray ine thermal effect uye inogona kutenderera nemamorekuru mazhinji kushandura simba rechiedza (simba remagetsi emagetsi) kuita intramolecular simba (kupisa). Kupisa kwezuva kunonyanya kupfuudzwa panyika kuburikidza nemwaranzi ye infrared.
Mufizikisi, zvinhu zviri pamusoro peabsolute zero (0k, be. - 273.15 ℃) zvinogona kugadzira infrared ray(nemamwe marudzi eelectromagnetic waves). Fizikisi yemazuvano inodaidza kuti blackbody radiation (thermal radiation).
Infrared ray haigone kupfuura chero chinhu chakajeka. Kunyangwe iyo inoburitsa infrared mwaranzi haina chekuita nekuti kune hupenyu. Zvinhu zvine akasiyana infrared wavelengths zvinoburitsa tembiricha dzakasiyana. Zvikonzero ndezvizvi: chizvarwa chemaranzi infrared iri
kunokonzerwa nekuzunguzika kwemamorekuru pamusoro pezvinhu. Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine akasiyana echisikigo vibration frequency, saka iwo infrared wavelengths akasiyana.
● Kushandisa infrared sensor mune rambi
Iyo infrared sensor pamwenje inoumbwa neiyo infrared ray yekuona dunhu, infrared ray chiratidzo chekugadzirisa dunhu, chiratidzo chinobuda chekudzora switch wedunhu uye simba rekupa wedunhu.
Infrared sensor ndeye otomatiki inodzora chigadzirwa chakavakirwa pane infrared tekinoroji. Kana muviri wemunhu uchipinda muyero yekunzwa, iyo yakakosha sensor inoona shanduko yeiyo infrared spectrum yemuviri wemunhu uye inongo vhura mutoro.
Kazhinji, iyo infrared sensor sosi yezvigadzirwa zvemwenje kazhinji inotora pyroelectric chikamu. Kana infrared radiation tembiricha yemuviri wemunhu ichichinja, chikamu ichi chinorasikirwa nechiyero chechaji uye kuburitsa mutero kunze. Mushure mekunge dunhu rinotevera raonekwa uye rakagadziriswa, rinogona kukonzera shanduko yekuita. Muviri wemunhu une tembiricha yemuviri isingachinji, kazhinji pa37 madhigirii, saka inoburitsa mwaranzi infrared ine chaiyo wavelength ingangoita gumi. Iyo passive infrared probe inoshanda nekuona iyo infrared rays inoburitswa nemuviri wemunhu. Inenge 10um infrared ray inoburitswa nemuviri wemunhu inonangana pane infrared sensing sosi mushure mekuvandudzwa neFresnel lens.
Infrared sensor switch yakanyatsogadzirirwa muviri wemunhu, ine hushamwari, yakanakira, yakachengeteka uye inochengetedza simba, uye inoratidza kutarisirwa kwevanhu. Nekudaro, iyo yekuona huwandu idiki pane iyo yemicrowave sensor. Panguva imwecheteyo, kureba kunogumira, uye kukurumidza kuita kwekuita kunononoka kupfuura kweiyo microwave sensor.
Microwave sensor
●Microwave
Microwave inoreva iyo electromagnetic wave ine frequency ye300MHz-300GHz. Ndiko kupfupikiswa kweiyo shoma frequency bhendi muredhiyo wave, ndiko kuti, iyo electromagnetic wave ine wavelength pakati pe1m (kusingasanganisi 1m) uye 1mm. Ndiyo nguva yakawanda ye decimeter wave, centimeter wave, millimeter wave uye submillimeter wave, inova yechiedza chisingaoneki. Iyo microwave frequency yakakwira kupfuura general radio wave frequency, inowanzonzi "UHF electromagnetic wave". Se electromagnetic wave, microwave inewo wave particle duality.
Wave-particle duality inoreva kuti ine zvese wave hunhu uye chidimbu hunhu. Inogona kufamba ichienda mberi sefungu uye kuratidza maitiro ezvimedu. Naizvozvo tinoidaidza kuti "wave particle duality".
Izvo zvakakosha zvivakwa zve microwave zvinowanzo ratidza hunhu hutatu: kupinza, kuratidza uye kunyura. Kune girazi, plastiki uye porcelain, ma microwaves anenge achipfuura asina kubatwa. Zvemvura nechikafu, zvinotora ma microwave ozviitira kupisa. Kune zvinhu zvesimbi, ivo vacharatidza microwaves.
Iyo microwave yekupinda mwero yegirazi, plastiki, huni uye porcelain inogona kunzwisiswa zvakafanana. Dzidziso ye2450MHz Microwave kupinda inenge 6cm. 915MHz iri 8cm. Nguva yekupinda haina basa.
● Kushandiswa kwe microwave sensor mune rambi
Iyo microwave sensor inoshandisa iyo Doppler musimboti kufambisa uye kugamuchira yakakwira-frequency microwave masiginecha (kunyatso kuona mafambiro ekuchinja kwezvinhu), uye inodzora kubatidza nekudzima mwenje wemwenje kuburikidza nechiratidzo chekusimudzira uye nehungwaru kuzivikanwa kwesingle-chip microcomputer chirongwa.
Microwave simba rinowanzo kuwanikwa neDC kana 50Hz AC kuburikidza nechinhu chakakosha. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemidziyo inogona kugadzira microwave, asi iyo inonyanya kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: semiconductor zvishandiso uye yemagetsi vacuum zvishandiso.
Iyo microwave sensor controller inoshandisa micro-ring antenna ine imwe dhayamita yekuona microwave. Iyo antenna inogadzira elliptical radius (inogadziriswa) spatial microwave yambiro nzvimbo munzvimbo yeaxis. Kana muviri wemunhu uchifamba, maungira anoratidzwa nawo anovhiringa nzvimbo yekutanga yemicrowave (kana frequency) inotumirwa neiyo microwave sensor controller uye shanduko. Iyo infrared sensor mwenje inosanganiswa neiyo infrared transmitting diode uye inogamuchira diode. Mushure mekuona, kukwidziridzwa, kuumbwa, kuenzanisa kwakawanda uye kunonoka kugadzirisa, waya chena inoburitsa chiratidzo chekudzora magetsi.
Nekuda kwehunhu hwemicrowave, ine hukuru hwekuparadzira kurasikirwa mumhepo uye pfupi yekufambisa kureba, asi ine kufamba kwakanaka uye hombe yekushanda bandwidth. Pamusoro peiyo millimeter wave tekinoroji inoshandiswa kune 5G nharembozha, microwave kutapurirana kunowanzo musimbi waveguide uye dielectric waveguide. Microwave sensor inogona kuona zvinhu zvine simba uye ine yakakura application nharaunda.
Parizvino, mukuwedzera kune mimwe mitemo inodiwa se: mirau yekuchengetedza, EMC, mazinga ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo, hapana anosungirwa mareferenzi mareferenzi emabasa e sensor, kunyanya kureba kwekunzwa uye nguva yekuratidzira, iyo inoreva kune akajairwa zviyero zveindasitiri. , kana kutongwa kana vachisangana nezvinodiwa zvinoenderana nezviyero zvakabvumiranwa pakati pemutengi nemugadziri uye ruzivo rwemushandisi.
Zvese zvigadzirwa zvekuvhenekesa zveWellway zvinogona kugadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi. Zvigadzirwa zvakakura zvinosanganisira LED weather-proof rambi ine sensor, LED guruva-proof mwenje ine sensor, LED sirin'i mwenje ine sensor uye zvichingodaro. Parizvino, iyo microwave sensor mode inogamuchirwa mune zvese zvigadzirwa. Wellyway ine rabhoritari yakakosha yekuyedza kunzwa uye kureba kwema microwave sensors kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye kugadzikana kwemhando yechigadzirwa. Isu tinogashira nemoyo wese vatengi kuti vashanyire, kuraira fekitori yedu uye kushandira pamwe nesu.
(Mimwe mifananidzo inobva paInternet. Kana pane kukanganisa, tapota taura uye uibvise pakarepo)
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-22-2022