Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira laba nooc oo dareemayaasha loo isticmaalo nalalka: dareemayaasha infrared iyo microwave sensor.
spectrum Electromagnetic
Shucaaca infrared iyo microwave labaduba waxay ka tirsan yihiin hirarka korantada. Xajmiga korantada ee hirarka korantada ayaa u dhexeeyay siday u kala horreeyaan hirarka dhererka ama inta jeer iyo tamarta ayaa lagu muujiyey shaxanka sida hoose:
Dareemaha infrared
●Raajada infrared
Raajo Infrared (IR) waa mowjad korantada ah oo leh inta jeer ee u dhaxaysa microwave iyo iftiinka muuqda. Waa magaca guud ee shucaaca oo leh inta jeer ee 0.3THz ~ 400THz ee spectrum elektromagnetic iyo hirarka dhererka 1mm ~ 750nm ee faakuumka. Waa iftiin aan la arki karin oo ka hooseeya iftiinka cas.
Shucaaca infrared waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex qaybood: Raajo u dhow infrared (rays infrared ray, tamar sare), iyo dhererka (3 ~ 2.5) μ m～ (1 ~ 0.75) μ M; Raajo infrared dhexdhexaad ah (rays infrared inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah, tamar dhexdhexaad ah), dhererka (40 ~ 25) μ m～ (3 ~ 2.5) μ M; Raajo infrared fog (rays infrared inta jeer ee hooseeya, tamar yar), hirarka 1500 μ m～(40~25) μ M. Raajo infrared (gaar ahaan fog infrared ray) waxay leedahay saamayn kulayl xoog leh. Waxay la jaanqaadi kartaa inta badan molecules inorganic iyo macromolecules organic ee noolaha, waxay dardargelisaa dhaqdhaqaaqa molecules-kan oo ay is xoqaan, si ay u dhaliyaan kulayl. Sidaa darteed, shucaaca infrared waxaa loo isticmaali karaa kululaynta iyo spectroscopy molecular. Shucaaca infrared fog waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Terahertz ray" ama "iftiin terahertz" cilmi-baarista sayniska.
Shucaaca infrared wuxuu leeyahay saameyn kulayl ah wuxuuna ku soo celin karaa molecules intooda badan si ay ugu beddelaan tamarta iftiinka (tamarta hirarka korantada) una beddelaan tamarta intramolecular (kuleylka). Kulaylka qorraxdu inta badan waxa lagu kala qaadaa dhulka iyada oo loo marayo fallaadhaha infrared.
Fiisigiska, walxaha ka sarreeya eber dhammaystiran (0k, be. - 273.15 ℃) waxay soo saari karaan shucaaca infrared (iyo noocyada kale ee hirarka korantada). Fiisigiska casriga ahi waxa uu u yaqaannaa shucaaca jidhka madow (thermal radiation).
Shucaaca infrared ma dhaafi karo shay kasta oo mugdi ah. Haddii ay sii dayso fallaadhaha infrared wax shaqo ah kuma laha haddii ay nolol jirto. Walxaha leh hirarka dhaadheer ee infrared kala duwan ayaa sii daaya heerkul kala duwan. Sababaha waa sida soo socota: jiilka fallaadhaha infrared waa
oo ay sababto gariirka molecules ee dusha walxaha. Walxaha kala duwani waxay leeyihiin wareegyo gariir dabiici ah oo kala duwan, sidaas darteed hirarka dhererka infrared waa kala duwan yihiin.
●Codsiga dareemaha infrared ee nalka
Dareemaha infrared-ka ee laambadku waxa uu ka kooban yahay wareegga ogaanshaha rayiga infrared, wareegtada farsamaynta signalka infrared, wareegga wareegga beddelka wax soo saarka signalka iyo wareegga sahayda korontada.
Dareemka infrared waa badeecad si toos ah u koontaroolaysa oo ku salaysan tignoolajiyada infrared. Marka jidhka bini'aadamku galo qiyaasta dareenka, dareenka gaarka ah wuxuu ogaanayaa isbeddelka xajmiga infrared ee jirka bini'aadamka wuxuuna si toos ah u shidi doonaa culeyska.
Guud ahaan, isha dareemaha infrared-ka ee alaabada nalka sida caadiga ah waxay qabataa qaybta pyroelectric. Marka heerkulka shucaaca infrared ee jidhka bini'aadamku isbeddelo, qaybtani waxay lumin doontaa dheelitirka kharashka waxayna sii deyn doontaa kharashka dibadda. Ka dib markii wareegga xiga la ogaado oo la farsameeyo, waxay kicin kartaa ficilka beddelka. Jidhka bini'aadamku waxa uu leeyahay heer kul jidh oo joogto ah, guud ahaan 37 darajo, markaa waxa ay sii dayn doontaa fallaadhaha infrared oo leh mawjad gaar ah oo ku saabsan 10um. Baadhitaanka infrared dadban wuxuu u shaqeeyaa isagoo ogaanaya fallaadhaha infrared ee ka soo baxa jidhka bini'aadamka. Qiyaastii 10um ee shucaaca infrared-ka ee uu sii daayo jidhka bini'aadamka ayaa ku urursan isha dareenka infrared ka dib markii la xoojiyay muraayada Fresnel.
Dareemaha dareemaha infrared waxaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay jidhka bini'aadamka, kaas oo saaxiibtinimo, ku habboon, badbaado iyo tamar-badbaadin ah, oo muujiya daryeel bani'aadamnimo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qiyaasta ogaanshaha ayaa ka yar kan dareeme microwave. Isla mar ahaantaana, dhererku waa xaddidan yahay, iyo xawaaraha falcelinta ficilku wuu ka gaabiyaa dareenka microwave.
Dareemka microwave-ka
●Mikrowave
Microwave waxa loola jeedaa mowjadda korantada ee inta jeer ee 300MHz-300GHz. Waa soo-gaabista xaddi xaddidan oo soo noqnoqda ee hirarka raadiyaha, taas oo ah, hirarka korantada ee leh hirarka dhererka u dhexeeya 1m (marka laga reebo 1m) iyo 1mm. Waa ereyga guud ee wave decimeter, wave sentimeter, wave millimeter iyo mawjada submillimeter, kaas oo iska leh iftiinka aan la arki karin. Inta jeer ee microwave-ku wuu ka sarreeyaa inta jeer ee mawjadaha raadiyaha guud, kaas oo inta badan loo yaqaan "UHF electromagnetic wave". Mawjada elektromagnetic ahaan, microwave sidoo kale waxay leedahay laba qaybood oo mawjada ah.
Wave-particle duality macnaheedu waa in uu leeyahay sifooyin mawjadaha iyo sifooyinka qaybaha. Waxay u socon kartaa hore sida hirarka oo kale waxayna tusin kartaa sifooyinka qaybaha. Sidaa darteed, waxaan ugu yeernaa "duality particle wave".
Sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee microwave-ku waxay inta badan muujiyaan saddex sifo: dhexgalka, milicsiga iyo nuugista. Wixii galaas ah, balaastig ah iyo foornada, microwaves waxay ku dhowdahay inay dhex maraan iyada oo aan la nuugin. Biyaha iyo cuntada, waxay nuugi doontaa microwave-yada oo ay iskeed u kululaan doontaa. Waxyaabaha birta ah, waxay ka tarjumayaan microwaves.
Heerka gelitaanka mikrowave ee dhalooyinka, balaastikada, alwaaxyada iyo weelka waxaa loo fahmi karaa si isku mid ah. Aragtida 2450Mhz ee gelitaanka Microwave waa qiyaastii 6cm. 915MHz waa 8cm. Waqtiga gelitaanka waa dayacan.
●Codsiga dareeraha microwave-ka ee nalka
Dareemka microwave-ku wuxuu isticmaalaa mabda'a Doppler si uu u gudbiyo oo uu u helo calaamadaha microwave ee soo noqnoqda ee sarreeya (si sax ah u garto isbeddelka dhaqdhaqaaqa walxaha), oo uu xakameeyo daminta iyo daminta nalalka culeyska iyada oo loo marayo xoojinta signalka iyo aqoonsiga garaadka ee barnaamijka microcomputer-ka-hal-chip.
Tamarta Microwave waxaa badanaa laga helaa DC ama 50Hz AC iyada oo loo marayo qalab gaar ah. Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo qalab ah oo soo saari kara microwave, laakiin inta badan waxay u qaybsan yihiin laba qaybood: qalabka semiconductor iyo qalabka korontada ku shaqeeya.
Xakameeyaha dareemayaasha microwave wuxuu isticmaalaa anteenada giraanta-yar ee leh dhexroor gaar ah si loo ogaado microwave. Anteenadu waxay abuurtaa radius elliptical ah (la hagaajin karo) aagga digniinta mikrowave ee jihada dhidibka. Marka jidhka bini'aadamku dhaqaaqo, dhawaaqa uu ka tarjumayo wuxuu farageliyaa goobta mikrowave ee asalka ah (ama inta jeer) ee uu soo diro kontoroolka dareemayaasha mikrowave oo isbedelaya. Nalka dareemaha infrared-ku waxa uu ku lammaan yahay diode gudbinta infrared iyo diode qaataha. Ka dib markii la ogaado, kordhinta, qaabaynta, isbarbardhigga badan iyo habaynta dib u dhigista, siliga cad wuxuu soo saaraa calaamada xakamaynta korantada.
Sababo la xiriira sifooyinka microwave, waxa ay leedahay khasaaraha faafin weyn ee hawada iyo fogaanta gudbinta gaaban, laakiin waxa uu leeyahay dhaqdhaqaaqa wanaagsan iyo baaxadda shaqada ballaaran. Marka lagu daro tignoolajiyada hirarka millimitirka ah ee lagu dabaqo isgaadhsiinta mobaylka 5G, gudbinta microwave waxay u badan tahay hagaha birta iyo waveguide dielectric. Dareemka Microwave wuxuu ogaan karaa walxaha firfircoon wuxuuna leeyahay jawi codsi oo ballaaran.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, marka lagu daro qaar ka mid ah xeerarka lagama maarmaanka ah sida: xeerarka badbaadada, EMC, heerarka ilaalinta deegaanka, iwm, ma jiraan heerar tixraaceed qasab ah oo loogu talagalay hawlaha dareemayaasha, gaar ahaan fogaanta dareenka iyo waqtiga milicsiga, kuwaas oo tixraacaya heerarka guud ee warshadaha. , ama lagu qiimeeyay inay buuxiyeen shuruudaha iyadoo loo eegayo heerarka ay ku heshiiyeen macaamilka iyo soo saaraha iyo khibrada isticmaaluhu.
Dhammaan alaabooyinka nalka ee Wellway waxaa loo habeyn karaa iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha macaamiisha. Alaabooyinka qaan-gaarka ah waxaa ka mid ah nalka LED-ka ee cimilada-ka-hortagga leh ee dareemayaasha, nalalka LED-ka ee boodhka leh ee dareeraha leh, nalka saqafka LED-ka oo leh dareeraha iyo wixii la mid ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, habka dareemayaasha mikrowave ayaa lagu dabaqay dhammaan alaabooyinka intooda badan. Wellyway waxay leedahay shaybaar gaar ah oo lagu baaro dareenka iyo fogaanta dareemayaasha mikrowave si loo hubiyo isku halaynta iyo xasiloonida tayada badeecada. Waxaan si kal iyo laab ah u soo dhawaynaynaa macaamiisha inay soo booqdaan, talada warshadeena oo ay nala shaqeeyaan.
(Sawirada qaarkood waxay ka yimaadaan internetka. Haddii ay jirto xadgudub, fadlan la xiriir oo tirtir isla markiiba)
Waqtiga boostada: Seb-22-2022